ND-1xx Instructions: Difference between revisions

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See also: [[ND-1xx Instructions Sorted Numerically]]
== Instruction Set ==
== Instruction Set ==
NORD-10/ND-100/ND-120 instructions are all exactly 16 bits (1 word) long.  [[ND-100 addressing modes|Addressing mode]], [[displacement]], [[source register]], [[destination register]] are, when applicable, encoded inside the 16-bit instruction word itself.
=== Memory Reference Instructions ===
=== Memory Reference Instructions ===
==== Store Instructions ====
==== Store Instructions ====
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* [[LDF]] – Load [[floating accumulator]]
* [[LDF]] – Load [[floating accumulator]]
* [[STF]] – Store floating accumulator
* [[STF]] – Store floating accumulator
* [[FAD]] – Add to floating accumulator (C may also be affected)
* [[FAD]] – Add to floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
* [[FSB]] – Subtract from floating accumulator (C may also be affected)
* [[FSB]] – Subtract from floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
* [[FMU]] – Multiply floating accumulator (C may also be affected)
* [[FMU]] – Multiply floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
* [[FDV]] – Divide floating accumulator (Z and C may also be affected)
* [[FDV]] – Divide floating accumulator (Z and TG may also be affected)


==== Byte Instructions ====
==== Byte Instructions ====
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=== Execute Instruction ===
=== Execute Instruction ===
* [[EXR]] – Execute instruction found in specified register
* [[EXR]] – Execute instruction found in specified register
=== Argument Instructions ===
* [[AAA]] – Add argument to A
* [[AAB]] – Add argument to B
* [[AAT]] – Add argument to T
* [[AAX]] – Add argument to X
* [[SAA]] – Set argument to A
* [[SAB]] – Set argument to B
* [[SAT]] – Set argument to T
* [[SAX]] – Set argument to X


=== Bit Instructions ===
=== Bit Instructions ===
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* [[SHA]] – Shift A register
* [[SHA]] – Shift A register
* [[SAD]] – Shift A and D registers connected  
* [[SAD]] – Shift A and D registers connected  
===== Types =====
===== Subinstructions (Types) =====
For each shift instruction, one of the following types can be specified
For each shift instruction, one of the following types can be specified
:* ''nil (default)'' Arithmetic shift
:* ''nil (default)'' Arithmetic shift
:* [[ROT]] – Rotational shift
:* ROT – Rotational shift
:* [[ZIN]] – Zero end input  
:* ZIN – Zero end input  
:* [[LIN]] – Link end input
:* LIN – Link end input
===== Direction =====
===== Subinstructions (Direction) =====
:* ''nil (default)'' Left shift
:* ''nil (default)'' Left shift
:* [[SHR]] – Right shift
:* SHR – Right shift


=== System Control Instructions ===
=== System Control Instructions ===
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* [[ION]] – Interrupt system on  
* [[ION]] – Interrupt system on  
* [[LWCS]] – Load Writeable Control Store
* [[LWCS]] – Load Writeable Control Store
* [[MON]] – Monitor Call
* [[MON]] – Monitor Call  
* [[PIOF]] –  
* [[PIOF]] – Memory management and interrupt system off
* [[PION]] –  
* [[PION]] – Memory management and interrupt system on
* [[POF]] –  
* [[POF]] – Memory management off
* [[PON]] –  
* [[PON]] – Memory management on
* [[REX]] –  
* [[REX]] – Reset extended address mode
* [[SEX]] –  
* [[SEX]] – Set extended address mode
* [[WAIT]] –  
* [[WAIT]] – Wait (give up priority)
* [[OPCOM]] –  
* [[OPCOM]] – Operator's Communication Code


=== Transfer Instructions ===
=== Transfer Instructions ===
==== Load Independent Instructions ====
==== Load Independent Instructions ====
* [[TRA]] –  
* [[TRA]] – Transfer to A register
* [[TRR]] –  
* [[TRR]] – Transfer to register
==== Inter-level Instructions ====
==== Inter-level Instructions ====
* [[IRR]] –  
* [[IRR]] – Inter Register Read
* [[IRW]] –  
* [[IRW]] – Inter Register Write


=== Register Operations ===
=== Register Operations ===
==== Index register operation ====
* [[MIX3]] – Multiply index by 3
==== Arithmetic Operations, RAD=1: ====
==== Arithmetic Operations, RAD=1: ====
C,O,Q may be affected by the following operations
* [[RADD]] – Register addition
* [[RADD]] –  
* [[RSUB]] – Register subtraction
* [[RSUB]] –  
* [[COPY]] – Register transfer
* [[COPY]] –  
===== Subinstructions =====
* [[AD1]] –  
:* AD1 – Also add 1 to destination
* [[ADC]] –  
:* ADC – Also add old carry to destination


==== Logical Operations, RAD=0: ====
==== Logical Operations, RAD=0: ====
* [[SWAP]] –  
* [[SWAP]] – Register exchange
* [[RAND]] –  
* [[RAND]] – Register logical AND
* [[REXO]] –  
* [[REXO]] – Register logical exclusive OR
* [[RORA]] –  
* [[RORA]] – Register logical OR
* [[CLD]] –  
===== Subinstructions =====
* [[CM1]] –
:* CLD – Clear destination register before operation
:* CM1 – Use complement ([[wikipedia:ones' complement|ones' complement]]) of source register as operand.


==== Combined Instructions: ====
==== Combined Instructions: ====
* [[EXIT]] –  
* [[EXIT]] – Return from subroutine
* [[RCLR]] –  
* [[RCLR]] – Register clear
* [[RINC]] –  
* [[RINC]] – Register increment
* [[RDCR]] –  
* [[RDCR]] – Register decrement


==== Extended Arithmetic Operations: ====
==== Extended Arithmetic Operations: ====
* [[RMPY]] –  
* [[RMPY]] – Integer inter-register multiply
* [[RDIV]] –  
* [[RDIV]] – Integer inter-register divide


=== Floating Conversion ===
=== Floating Conversion ===
* [[NLZ]] –  
* [[NLZ]] – Normalize (integer to floating)
* [[DNZ]] –  
* [[DNZ]] – Denormalize (floating to integer)


=== Memory Examine/Deposit Instructions ===
=== Memory Examine/Deposit Instructions ===
* [[EXAM]] –  
* [[EXAM]] – Memory examine
* [[DEPO]] –  
* [[DEPO]] – Memory deposit


=== Sequencing Instructions ===
=== Sequencing Instructions ===
==== Unconditional Jump ====
==== Unconditional Jump ====
* [[JMP]] –  
* [[JMP]] – Jump
* [[JPL]] –  
* [[JPL]] – Jump to subroutine


==== Conditional Jump ====
==== Conditional Jump ====
* [[JAP]] –  
* [[JAP]] – Jump if A register is positive or zero
* [[JAN]] –  
* [[JAN]] – Jump if A register is negative
* [[JAZ]] –  
* [[JAZ]] – Jump if A register is zero
* [[JAF]] –  
* [[JAF]] – Jump if A register is filled (not zero)
* [[JXN]] –  
* [[JXN]] – Jump lf X register is negative
* [[JPC]] –  
* [[JXZ]] – Jump if X register is zero.
* [[JNC]] –  
* [[JPC]] – Count and jump if X register is positive or zero.
* [[JXZ]] –  
* [[JNC]] – Count and jump if X register is negative.


==== Skip Instructions ====
==== Skip Instructions ====
* [[SKIP]] –
* [[SKP]] – Skip next instruction if specified condition is true
===== Subinstructions (Specified condition) =====
:* EQL – Equal
:* GEQ – Signed greater or equal to (owerflow not OK)
:* GRE – Signed greater or equal to (owerflow OK)
:* MGRE – Magnitude greater or equal to
:* UEQ – Unequal to
:* LSS – Signed less than (owerflow not OK)
:* LST – Signed less than (owerflow OK)
:* MLST – Magnitude less than
===== Dummys (may be used to obtain easy readability) =====
:* IF
:* 0
 
==Additional instructions in the CE ([[Commercial extended|Commercial Extended]]) option==
===Decimal Instructions===
* [[ADDD]] – Add decimal
* [[SUBD]] – Subtract decimal
* [[COMD]] – Compare decimal
* [[SHDE]] – Decimal shift
* [[PACK]] – Convert to packed decimal
* [[UNPACK]] – Convert to unpacked decimal
 
===Stack Handling Instructions===
* [[INIT]] – Initialize stack
* [[ENTR]] – Enter stack
* [[LEAVE]] – Leave stack
* [[ELEAV]] – Error leave stack
 
==Additional instructions in the CX option==
The CX instructions include the CE instructions in improved versions, plus the following CX-only instructions:
* [[MOVEW]] – Move block of words
* [[TSET]] – Test and set
* [[RDUS]] – Read don't use cache
====SINTRAN-III Segment Change Instructions====
* [[SETPT]] – Set page tables
* [[CLEPT]] – Clear page tables
* [[CLNREENT]] – Clear non reentrant
* [[CHREENTPAGES]] – Change not reentrant pages
* [[CLEPU]] – Clear page tables, collect PGU information
 
==New SINTRAN instructions in ND-110==
* [[CLPT]] Clear segment from page tables
* [[CNREK]] Clear non re-entrant pages
* [[ENPT]] Enter segment in page tables
* [[INSPL]] Insert page in page list
* [[REMPL]] Remove page from page list
* [[REPT]] Enter re-entrant segment in page tables
 
== Undocumented instructions ==
* [[GECO]]
* [[IOT]]


== Sources ==
== Sources ==
*{{ND-doc|06.014|(ND-06.014.02 rev A)}}
*{{ND-doc|06.014|(ND-06.014.02 rev A)}}
*{{ND-doc|06.029|(ND-06.029.01 rev A)}}
*{{ND-doc|99.005|(ND-99.005.02 12/84)}}
*{{ND-doc|99.005|(ND-99.005.02 12/84)}}


[[Category:ND-100 instructions|*]]
[[Category:ND-100 instructions|*]]

Latest revision as of 13:25, 8 February 2012

See also: ND-1xx Instructions Sorted Numerically

Instruction Set

NORD-10/ND-100/ND-120 instructions are all exactly 16 bits (1 word) long. Addressing mode, displacement, source register, destination register are, when applicable, encoded inside the 16-bit instruction word itself.

Memory Reference Instructions

Store Instructions

  • STZ – Store zero
  • STA – Store A
  • STT – Store T
  • STX – Store X
  • MIN – Memory increase, skip if zero

Load Instructions

Arithmetic and Logical Instructions

Double Word Instructions

  • LDD – Load double word
  • STD – Store double word

Floating Instructions

  • LDF – Load floating accumulator
  • STF – Store floating accumulator
  • FAD – Add to floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
  • FSB – Subtract from floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
  • FMU – Multiply floating accumulator (TG may also be affected)
  • FDV – Divide floating accumulator (Z and TG may also be affected)

Byte Instructions

Execute Instruction

  • EXR – Execute instruction found in specified register

Argument Instructions

  • AAA – Add argument to A
  • AAB – Add argument to B
  • AAT – Add argument to T
  • AAX – Add argument to X
  • SAA – Set argument to A
  • SAB – Set argument to B
  • SAT – Set argument to T
  • SAX – Set argument to X

Bit Instructions

  • BSKP – Skip next location if specified condition is true
  • BSET – Set specified bit equal to specified condition
  • BSTA – Store and clear K
  • BSTC – Store complement and set K
  • BLDA – load K
  • BLDC – Load bit complement to K
  • BANC – Logical AND with bit complement
  • BORC – Logical OR with bit complement
  • BAND – Logical AND to K
  • BORA – Logical OR to K

Shift Instructions

  • SHT – Shift T register
  • SHD – Shift D register
  • SHA – Shift A register
  • SAD – Shift A and D registers connected
Subinstructions (Types)

For each shift instruction, one of the following types can be specified

  • nil (default) Arithmetic shift
  • ROT – Rotational shift
  • ZIN – Zero end input
  • LIN – Link end input
Subinstructions (Direction)
  • nil (default) Left shift
  • SHR – Right shift

System Control Instructions

  • IOF – Interrupt system off
  • ION – Interrupt system on
  • LWCS – Load Writeable Control Store
  • MON – Monitor Call
  • PIOF – Memory management and interrupt system off
  • PION – Memory management and interrupt system on
  • POF – Memory management off
  • PON – Memory management on
  • REX – Reset extended address mode
  • SEX – Set extended address mode
  • WAIT – Wait (give up priority)
  • OPCOM – Operator's Communication Code

Transfer Instructions

Load Independent Instructions

  • TRA – Transfer to A register
  • TRR – Transfer to register

Inter-level Instructions

  • IRR – Inter Register Read
  • IRW – Inter Register Write

Register Operations

Index register operation

  • MIX3 – Multiply index by 3

Arithmetic Operations, RAD=1:

  • RADD – Register addition
  • RSUB – Register subtraction
  • COPY – Register transfer
Subinstructions
  • AD1 – Also add 1 to destination
  • ADC – Also add old carry to destination

Logical Operations, RAD=0:

  • SWAP – Register exchange
  • RAND – Register logical AND
  • REXO – Register logical exclusive OR
  • RORA – Register logical OR
Subinstructions
  • CLD – Clear destination register before operation
  • CM1 – Use complement (ones' complement) of source register as operand.

Combined Instructions:

  • EXIT – Return from subroutine
  • RCLR – Register clear
  • RINC – Register increment
  • RDCR – Register decrement

Extended Arithmetic Operations:

  • RMPY – Integer inter-register multiply
  • RDIV – Integer inter-register divide

Floating Conversion

  • NLZ – Normalize (integer to floating)
  • DNZ – Denormalize (floating to integer)

Memory Examine/Deposit Instructions

  • EXAM – Memory examine
  • DEPO – Memory deposit

Sequencing Instructions

Unconditional Jump

  • JMP – Jump
  • JPL – Jump to subroutine

Conditional Jump

  • JAP – Jump if A register is positive or zero
  • JAN – Jump if A register is negative
  • JAZ – Jump if A register is zero
  • JAF – Jump if A register is filled (not zero)
  • JXN – Jump lf X register is negative
  • JXZ – Jump if X register is zero.
  • JPC – Count and jump if X register is positive or zero.
  • JNC – Count and jump if X register is negative.

Skip Instructions

  • SKP – Skip next instruction if specified condition is true
Subinstructions (Specified condition)
  • EQL – Equal
  • GEQ – Signed greater or equal to (owerflow not OK)
  • GRE – Signed greater or equal to (owerflow OK)
  • MGRE – Magnitude greater or equal to
  • UEQ – Unequal to
  • LSS – Signed less than (owerflow not OK)
  • LST – Signed less than (owerflow OK)
  • MLST – Magnitude less than
Dummys (may be used to obtain easy readability)
  • IF
  • 0

Additional instructions in the CE (Commercial Extended) option

Decimal Instructions

  • ADDD – Add decimal
  • SUBD – Subtract decimal
  • COMD – Compare decimal
  • SHDE – Decimal shift
  • PACK – Convert to packed decimal
  • UNPACK – Convert to unpacked decimal

Stack Handling Instructions

  • INIT – Initialize stack
  • ENTR – Enter stack
  • LEAVE – Leave stack
  • ELEAV – Error leave stack

Additional instructions in the CX option

The CX instructions include the CE instructions in improved versions, plus the following CX-only instructions:

  • MOVEW – Move block of words
  • TSET – Test and set
  • RDUS – Read don't use cache

SINTRAN-III Segment Change Instructions

  • SETPT – Set page tables
  • CLEPT – Clear page tables
  • CLNREENT – Clear non reentrant
  • CHREENTPAGES – Change not reentrant pages
  • CLEPU – Clear page tables, collect PGU information

New SINTRAN instructions in ND-110

  • CLPT Clear segment from page tables
  • CNREK Clear non re-entrant pages
  • ENPT Enter segment in page tables
  • INSPL Insert page in page list
  • REMPL Remove page from page list
  • REPT Enter re-entrant segment in page tables

Undocumented instructions

Sources